Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology 2383-4196 11 2 2025 06 15 149 165 Zachrieh Alhaj UTMB Zaid Almubaid UTMB Salem Khalil UTMB Debora Kim UTMB Esther Jeong UTMB Daniel Young UTMB Andrew Thornton UTMB Hani Serag UTMB 2024 12 18 2025 09 23 Background: Family planning is a vital aspect of reproductive health, encompassing contraceptive use, pregnancy, and STI prevention. Among Palestinian refugees in Jordan, particularly those utilizing UNRWA services, maternal mortality rates and contraceptive utilization highlight the urgent need to address gaps in family planning access. Sociocultural factors and service barriers remain determinants of contraceptive use and family planning outcomes in this population.   Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted from June 5–7, 2023, at the Marka health center in Jordan. The study involved structured interviews with 57 female patients, focus group discussions (FGDs), and semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers. Data collection explored sociodemographic factors, perceptions of family planning services, and sociocultural determinants influencing contraceptive use. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed to identify themes related to family planning knowledge, access, and utilization.   Results: Three major themes were determined: (1) Knowledge and access to family planning methods varied, with 59.6% of participants reporting contraceptive use. The most common methods included condoms (37.8%) and birth control pills (29.7%). (2) Sociocultural factors significantly shaped decisions, with 37.8% citing spousal preferences and 10.5% reporting pressure from extended family. (3) Perceptions of UNRWA’s services were largely positive, with 63% rating them adequate, although logistical challenges like long wait times hindered utilization. Younger women aged 18–29 formed most participants, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Most participants were housewives, with limited employment and varying educational levels.   Conclusions: While UNRWA’s family planning services are well-regarded, persistent barriers such as sociocultural constraints, limited knowledge, and service accessibility require targeted interventions. Addressing misconceptions, fostering supportive sociocultural environments, and improving logistical factors like wait times can enhance service uptake. Future research should explore long-term impacts of family planning initiatives and expand the scope to include other refugee populations to inform inclusive, effective health policies. https://jbe.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jbe/article/view/1546