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<Articles JournalTitle="Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2383-4196</Issn>
      <Volume>11</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>06</Month>
        <Day>15</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Integration of time into a 2-dimensional geography to visualize spatio-temporal clusters of dog rabies in Thailand</title>
    <FirstPage>177</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>196</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Thanidtha</FirstName>
        <LastName>Te-Chaniyom</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai Campus, Songkhla, Thailand</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>01</Month>
        <Day>07</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>06</Month>
        <Day>29</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Background: Space-time scanning analysis to detect cylindrical spatio-temporal clusters of diseases is available. Yet, there is no satisfactory way to visualize the data. Our aim is to visualize spatio-temporal cylindrical clusters of dog rabies in Thailand from 2005 to 2021.
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Methods: &#xA0;We obtained dog rabies data from 2005 to 2021 from the World Animal Health Information System under the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH). The rsatscan package in R was applied to identify spatio-temporal clusters of dog rabies using the discrete Poisson model and Monte Carlo simulation. Using a user-defined function developed by our research team, cylindrical shapes were created based on the provincial administration maps to demonstrate significant clusters over space and time.
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Results: The average incidence of dog rabies was 0.5 events per 100,000 human-years, and seven clusters were found during the study period in all five national regions, based on 15% of the population being at risk.
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Conclusion: Seven dog rabies clusters were detected throughout Thailand. We recommend intensive control measures to alleviate dog rabies. Our method to generate multi-dimensional graphics can comprehensibly visualize cylinder-shaped outcomes from spatio-temporal data.
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&#xA0;</abstract>
    <web_url>https://jbe.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jbe/article/view/1557</web_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
