Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology 2383-4196 5 2 2020 01 08 163 171 Firooz Esmailzadeh Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran Mojtaba Sepandi Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abdolhalim Rajabi Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Kavosi Faculty of Management and Information, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Manije Alimohammadi Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yousef Alimohamadi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Ir 2019 04 22 2019 07 16 Introduction: HIV infection is one of the main public health problems in the world. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of young couples married in the city of Shiraz, and eventually suggest an Operational Program for the prevention of HIV in Iran. Method: the data collection tool was a questionnaire consisted of 32 questions on transmission and prevention of HIV infection. The young couples were selected through simple random sampling, and the sample size was 400. The data analysis was performed using SPSS 19 software. Results: Of the total of 400 cases, 201 (50.25%) were male and 199 (49.75%) were female. The mean age of the couples was 25.96±5.95 years. The most frequent correct answer was related to the knowledge of transmission through sharing needles among drug users (87.4%). Regarding attitude, 94.6% of the subjects agreed with the struggle against HIV. Examining the relationship between knowledge and age showed that they had a significant relationship (P=0.002). There was also a significant relationship between attitude and gender (P=0.004). Conclusion: One of the important ways to stop the epidemic and prevent the incidence of new cases of HIV is educating people at an early age https://jbe.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jbe/article/view/260 https://jbe.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jbe/article/download/260/213