<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Articles JournalTitle="Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2383-4196</Issn>
      <Volume>6</Volume>
      <Issue>3</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>12</Month>
        <Day>31</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Comparing COVID-19 Among Some Highly Affected States in the United States of  America</title>
    <FirstPage>179</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>189</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Christopher</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sabillon</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, Miami, USA</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Christina</FirstName>
        <LastName>Guzman</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, Miami, USA</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Golam</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kibria</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Florida International University, Miami, USA</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>10</Month>
        <Day>17</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>28</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus SARSCoV-2, has had an immense impact on a variety of sectors both worldwide and nationwide. Vast differences&#xA0;are observed among states within the United States of America in terms of COVID-19 cases and deaths.
Objective: The objective of this paper is to present a means through which we can compare deaths between&#xA0;multiple states, using the index date approach applied by Middelburg and Rosendaal.
Materials and Methods: Using the CDC COVID-19 tracker, we created two sets of ten states focusing on&#xA0;states with (1) the highest number of deaths and (2) the highest number of deaths per 100,000. We applied&#xA0;features of the authors&#x2019; technique in order to compare deaths between certain states through visualizations. We&#xA0;referred to the cumulative number of deaths on each day from January 21st, 2020 to September 30th, 2020, as&#xA0;a percentage of the cumulative deaths 40 days after the first death.
Results and Discussion: Comparability was established by synchronizing each state to a baseline date, which&#xA0;allows us to adjust for issues that arise from the scales used within a standard cumulative deaths graph, such as a tendency to be driven by the states with the highest cumulative number of deaths. This technique also&#xA0;normalized each state to a standard start date.
Conclusion: This paper shows the application of a technique that allows for clearer comparisons of COVID19 related deaths between states, as opposed to the use of a standard cumulative deaths graphs.&#xA0;</abstract>
    <web_url>https://jbe.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jbe/article/view/408</web_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
