Author Guidelines

Guide for authors

Types of paper 
In addition to research papers and short communications, debate and opinion papers and editorials, the journal welcomes review papers and book reviews.

Submission declaration
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis or as an electronic preprint, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere including electronically in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the copyright-holder.

New submissions
Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files.
Include the name(s) of any sponsor(s) of the research contained in the paper, along with grant number(s) .

Formatting requirements
Divide the article into clearly defined sections. The language of the journal is English. Formats for the text and tables of your manuscript are Microsoft Word .doc, .rtf or .docx. 12-point type in one of the standard fonts: Arial (Helvetica) is preferred. It is necessary to double-line space your manuscript (including title page, abstract and references) only. Tables, Figures and supplementary materials should be sent as separate file(s) (for more information about their acceptable format see below)

A typical paper should be no more than 4000 words long. This word count does not include the heading, references, tables, graphs and acknowledgement.  Thus, during the revision process, authors may need to reduce the length of their articles. Possible comments and suggestions of the editor may be sent to the author(s), who authorize(s) the publication of the article in the revised form Authors  are  advised  to  consult  a  current  issue  in  order  to  make  themselves  familiar  with the layout of tables etc of Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology.

General advice about the presentation of manuscripts:

• All pages should be numbered.
• Do not use abbreviations.
• All scientific units should be expressed in SI units.
• A copy of the manuscript should be kept by the authors for reference.
• An acknowledgement of receipt of the manuscript will be sent by the Journal.
• Manuscripts rejected for publication will not be returned.

The manuscript should be submitted in separate files: Title Page file, Main Text file, Tables, Figures and signed Preparation Checklist (See below for more information)

Title Page
The title page should contain: (1) the title of the article, (2) the name of each author (first name and surname preferred), (3) the name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the authors belong, (with the following format: Affiliation model: Department, School/ Institute, University, City, Country.) (4) three to six key words, preferably, based on MeSH, (5) a running title (less than 40 characters), (6) acknowledgements, (7) postal address of corresponding author and e-mail address, (8) potential conflicts of interest.

Main text
There are no strict formatting requirements but all manuscripts must contain the essential elements needed to convey your manuscript (Structured Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Conflict of Interests, References), Artwork and Tables with Captions. If your article includes any Videos and/or other Supplementary material, this should be included in your initial submission for peer review purposes.

Abbreviations 
Abbreviations should be explained at the beginning of the manuscript and listed in the order in which they appear. Avoid abbreviations in the title and in the abstract.

References
References must be in the Vancouver style and just in English.  Within text, tables, and legends, references must be identified by Arabic numerals in parentheses.  The final list must be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text.

Journal citation example:  Sule I, Doguwa SI, Isah A, Jibril HM. The topp leone kumaraswamy-g family of distributions with applications to cancer disease data. Journal of Biostatistics and Epidemiology. 2020; 6(1): 40-51.

Tables
Type each table on a separate page within a Microsoft Word file (name of file should be Tables);

• Number tables consecutively and supply a brief title for each.
• Each table should have a caption.
• Cite each table in the text in consecutive order, using Arabic numbers.
• Tables should be able to interpret independently of the text, with meaningful titles and adequate footnotes.
• All abbreviations appearing in tables should be spelled out in the footnote.

Figures

Send each figure as a separate file (name of file should be Figure #). Figures must have the following characteristics:

• Figures should be able to be interpreted independently of the text, with meaningful titles, legends and adequate footnotes.
• All abbreviations appearing in figures should be spelled out in the footnote.
• Each figure should be submitted separately from the text in an image format such as eps or high-resolution tiff or jpg files (a minimum resolution of 300dpi).
• Please ensure that your electronic image files print clearly at a legible size and are of high quality for publication (We recommend a minimum of 150mm wide at 300dpi for a single-column figure in the print Journal, 300mm wide at 300dpi for full page width figures).
• For graphs, please provide axis labels of a legible size; note that graphics programs often produce large figures with tiny labels which will become illegible when the entire figure is resized for publication.
• Figures and illustrations should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals.
• Each figure should be cited (only cited not inserted) at an appropriate place in the text.
• If you wish to use a figure that has been previously published, you must acknowledge the original source and submit written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce the material

Abstract
Enter an structured abstract of up to 300 words for all articles [except book reviews]. An abstract is a concise summary of the whole paper, not just the conclusions, and is understandable without reference to the rest of the paper. It should contain no citation to other published work. Abstract must have 4 parts: 1-Introduction 2-Methods 3-Results 4-Conclusion
Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide 3 to 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Acknowledgements (Optional)
Collate acknowledgments in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).