Prevalence of Unplanned Pregnancy and associated risk factors among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia
Abstract
Introduction: Unplanned pregnancy is a public health problem that affects maternal and child health, including maternal death, abortion, and low birth weight. Consequently, the government established family planning for action to prevent and reduce the health problems for most disadvantaged women.
Objective: This study was to investigate the determinant factors of unplanned pregnancy among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
Methods: A Population based cross-sectional study was conducted from Ethiopian 2016 demographic healthsurvey data. A total of 3894 pregnant womenwereincludedinthestudyandthesampleswereselectedtroughmultistagestratifiedclustersampling.Uni-variate and multiple logistic regression analysis was used toidentify factors associated with an unplanned pregnancy. Variables with p-value < 0.05 were identified assignificantfactors.
Result: Among 3894 study pregnant, 31.05% of pregnancies was unplanned. The analysis result revealed that women whose age ≤ 30 years [AOR = 5.42, 95 % CI=2.38 - 12.34], women in rural [AOR=1.11, 95% CI=1.03 - 2.39], illiterate women [AOR=2.3,95% CI=2.02 - 4.09], women drinks alcohol [AOR=1.45,95% CI=1.31- 1.67], smoker women [AOR= 1.52, 95% CI 1.49 - 2.65 ],women chewing chat[AOR=1.66, 95% CI=1.66 1.18 - 2.33], unemployed women[AOR = 4.97, 95%CI=1.31-12.38] , poor economic level [AOR=8.42,95%CI=5.87- 14.39] and none-user contraceptive methods [AOR=1.7, 95% CI=1.14 – 3.87] were found to be associated with unplanned pregnancy(p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy in the study area was 32.05%. The findings suggest that certain groups of women are at increased risk of unplanned pregnancy and would benefit from targeted family planning interventions
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29. Anteab K, Demtsu B, Megra M. Assessment of Prevalence and Associated Factors of Alcohol Use during Pregnancy among the dwellers of Bahir-Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014.
30. Isaksen A, Østbye T,Mmbaga T, Kjersti A. Alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Northern Tanzania 2000–2010: a registry-based study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2015; 15(205).
31. Eskeziaw A, Liknaw B, Amanuel A,Bisrat G, Hayat I, Hunegnaw A, Mulugeta W , Getnet G. Factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women attending antenatal care in Maichew Town, Northern Ethiopia,
2017. BMC Research Notes 2019; 12(381).
32. Yenealem F, Niberet G. Prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant woman in Gondar town,North west Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2019:1–5. Available from. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4203-6.
33. Fite RO, Mohammedamin A, Abebe TW. Unintended pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women in Arsi Negele Woreda, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2018;11(1):671.
34. Ayalew Y, Id G, Yitayew AE. Prevalence and determinant factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Addis Zemen hospital; 2019. p. 1–12.
35. Getachew FD. Level of Unintended Pregnancy and its Associated Factors among Currently Pregnant Women in Duguna Fango.2015;2(2):75–88.
36. Ameyaw EK. Prevalence and correlates of unintended pregnancy in Ghana : analysis of 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey; 2018. p. 1–6.
37. Rowe H, Holton S, Kirkman M, Bayly C, Jordan L, McNamee K, et al. Prevalence and distribution of unintended pregnancy: the Understanding Fertility Management in Australia National Survey. Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 2016;40(2):104–109. pmid:26456762.
38. Sutton A, Lichter D, Sassler S. Women Left Behind: Unintended Pregnancy and Fertility in Rural America. Paper presented at the Population Association of America Conference; 2017.
39. Abraha TH, Belay HS. Welay GM Intentions on contraception use and its associated factors among postpartum women in Aksum town, Tigray region, northern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study. Reproductive health, 2018;15(1), 188. pmid:30413214.
40. Roy TK. Ram F, Nangia P, Saha U, & Khan N. Can women's childbearing and contraceptive intentions predict contraceptivedemand? Findings from a longitudinal study in Central India. International family planning perspectives, 2003;25–31. pmid:12709309.
2. Tiwari A1, Chan KL, Fong D, Leung WC, Brownridge DA, Lam H, Wong B, Lam CM, Chau F, Chan A, Cheung KB, Ho PC. The impact of Psychological abuse by an intimate partner or mental health of pregnant women, BTOG, black well publishing 2008; 115(3): 377-384.
3. Elizabeth E, Amy Ong T, Milton K. Unintended pregnancy and low birth weight in Ecuador. American Journal of public health. 2001; 91(5): 808-810
4. WHO. Unsafe abortion Global and regional estimates of the incidence of unsafe abortion and associated mortality in 2000, 4th ed. Geneva: 2004
5. Bearak J, Popinchalk A, Alkema L, et al. Global, regional, and sub-regional trends in unintended pregnancy and its outcomes from 1990 to 2014: estimates from a Bayesian hierarchical model. Lancet Glob Health 2018; 6: e380–89 World Health Organization.
6. Mass M, Ruth P, Katherine M, Alison S. Pregnant women perspective on intendedness of pregnancy. Women health issue 2000; 7(6): 385-392.
7. High rates of unintended pregnancies linked to gaps in family planning services: New WHO study 2019.
8. WHO Population Reference Bureau. Improving reproductive health in developing countries. A summary of findings from the National Research Council of the US National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C.1997; 1–32.
9. The Alan Guttmacher Institute. Sharing Responsibility, Woman Society and Abortion Worldwide New York. 1999. Accessed 13 Aug 2018.
10. Koren A, Mawn B. The context of unintended pregnancy among married women in the USA. J FamPlann Reprod Health Care. 2010; 36(3):150–8.
11. Sedgh G, Oye-Adeniran B, Adewole I, Singh S, Hussain R. Unwanted pregnancy and associated factors among Nigerian women. Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2006;32(4):175–84.
12. Faye C, Speizer I, Fotso J, Corroon M, Koumtingue D. Unintended pregnancy: magnitude and correlates in six urban sites in Senegal. Reprod Health. 2013; 10(59):1–10.
13. Sabahelzain MM, Abdalla SM, Meraj SA, Mohamed E, Almansour MA, Medani KT, Awad FE. Prevalence and factors associated with unintended pregnancy among married women in an urban and rural community, Khartoum state, Sudan. Global J Med Public Health. 2014; 3(4):1-9.
14. Worku S, Fantahun M. Unintended pregnancy and induced abortion in a town with accessible family planning services: The case of Harar in eastern Ethiopia.Ethiopian Journal of Health Development. 2006;20(2).
15. Ikamari L, Izugbara C, Ochako R. Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among women in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013; 13(69).
16. Emily M, Brigette C, Jacob F, Sarah B, Adele S, Genevieve M. Prevalence and Perceptions ofUnplanned Births. Health policy Center. 2017
17. UN, Declaration preventable moderns mortality, Geneva Switzerland united nation: 2009 cited 2011.
18. Ramesh A, kusol S, Promote, P. Correlates of unintended pregnancy among currently pregnant women in Nepal. BMC international Health and Human right. 2009; 9(17)
19. Work U, Fantahun M. Unintended pregnancy and Induced abortion in town with accessible family planning services the case of Harar Eastern Ethiopia, Ethiopia Journal of health Dev. 2006; 20(2): 79-87.
20. Wubalem G, Seblewongel L, Wubante D. Magnitude and associated factors Influencing unintended pregnancy among pregnant woman attending antenatal Care at Felege Hiwot Referal Hospital ,north West Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2014; 2(4):261–269.
21. Gite A, Liulseged N, Seyife H, Abrha Y, Workineh Y, Shegaze M, et al. Unintended pregnancy: magnitude and associated factors among pregnant women in Arba Minch town, Gamo Gofa zone, Ethiopia, 2015. Reprod Syst Sex Disord. 2016; 5(193):1–6.
22. Ministry of health. Health and health related indicator planning and program Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2006
23. Kassa et al. Predictor of unintended pregnancy in Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia. 2010 Reproductive health 2012; 9:1.
24. ICF International CSA. Ethiopia demographic and health survey 2016. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Agency and ICF Inter-national.2012; 430
25. Hamdela B, G/Mariam A, Tilahun T. Unwanted pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant married women in Hosanna town, Southern Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2012; 7(6)
26. Teshome FT, Hailu AG, Teklehaymanot AN. Prevalence of unintended pregnancy and associated factors among married pregnant woman in Ganji Woreda,West Wollega Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2014;2(2):92–101.
27. Exavery A, Kanté A, Hingora A, Mbaruku G, Pemba S, J Phillips J. How mistimed and unwanted pregnancies affect timing of antenatal care initiation in three districts in Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2013; 13(35).
28. Goto A, Yasumura S, Reich MR, Fukao A. Factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Yamagata, Japan. Soc Sci Med. 2002; 54:1065–1079.
29. Anteab K, Demtsu B, Megra M. Assessment of Prevalence and Associated Factors of Alcohol Use during Pregnancy among the dwellers of Bahir-Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014.
30. Isaksen A, Østbye T,Mmbaga T, Kjersti A. Alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Northern Tanzania 2000–2010: a registry-based study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2015; 15(205).
31. Eskeziaw A, Liknaw B, Amanuel A,Bisrat G, Hayat I, Hunegnaw A, Mulugeta W , Getnet G. Factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women attending antenatal care in Maichew Town, Northern Ethiopia,
2017. BMC Research Notes 2019; 12(381).
32. Yenealem F, Niberet G. Prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant woman in Gondar town,North west Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2019:1–5. Available from. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4203-6.
33. Fite RO, Mohammedamin A, Abebe TW. Unintended pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women in Arsi Negele Woreda, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2018;11(1):671.
34. Ayalew Y, Id G, Yitayew AE. Prevalence and determinant factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Addis Zemen hospital; 2019. p. 1–12.
35. Getachew FD. Level of Unintended Pregnancy and its Associated Factors among Currently Pregnant Women in Duguna Fango.2015;2(2):75–88.
36. Ameyaw EK. Prevalence and correlates of unintended pregnancy in Ghana : analysis of 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey; 2018. p. 1–6.
37. Rowe H, Holton S, Kirkman M, Bayly C, Jordan L, McNamee K, et al. Prevalence and distribution of unintended pregnancy: the Understanding Fertility Management in Australia National Survey. Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 2016;40(2):104–109. pmid:26456762.
38. Sutton A, Lichter D, Sassler S. Women Left Behind: Unintended Pregnancy and Fertility in Rural America. Paper presented at the Population Association of America Conference; 2017.
39. Abraha TH, Belay HS. Welay GM Intentions on contraception use and its associated factors among postpartum women in Aksum town, Tigray region, northern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study. Reproductive health, 2018;15(1), 188. pmid:30413214.
40. Roy TK. Ram F, Nangia P, Saha U, & Khan N. Can women's childbearing and contraceptive intentions predict contraceptivedemand? Findings from a longitudinal study in Central India. International family planning perspectives, 2003;25–31. pmid:12709309.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 7 No 4 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jbe.v7i4.10397 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Unplanned pregnancy Socio-demographic characteristics Multivariate Ethiopia | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Zeru M. Prevalence of Unplanned Pregnancy and associated risk factors among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia. JBE. 2021;7(4):392-402.
